Journal
NONLINEARITY
Volume 32, Issue 8, Pages 2759-2814Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6544/ab1767
Keywords
pattern formation; traveling waves; geometric singular perturbation theory; spectral stability; Lin's method; reaction-diffusion-advection equations
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Funding
- Mathematics of Planet Earth program of the Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research (NWO)
- NSF [DMS-1815315]
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In water-limited regions, competition for water resources results in the formation of vegetation patterns; on sloped terrain, one finds that the vegetation typically aligns in stripes or arcs. We consider a two-component reaction-diffusion-advection model of Klausmeier type describing the interplay of vegetation and water resources and the resulting dynamics of these patterns. We focus on the large advection limit on constantly sloped terrain, in which the diffusion of water is neglected in favor of advection of water downslope. Planar vegetation pattern solutions are shown to satisfy an associated singularly perturbed traveling wave equation, and we construct a variety of traveling stripe and front solutions using methods of geometric singular perturbation theory. In contrast to prior studies of similar models, we show that the resulting patterns are spectrally stable to perturbations in two spatial dimensions using exponential dichotomies and Lin's method. We also discuss implications for the appearance of curved stripe patterns on slopes in the absence of terrain curvature.
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