Full-scale fire experiments and simulation of tunnel with vertical shafts

Based on the data gained from the full-scale experiments and Computational Fluid Dynamics theory, the fire characteristic in tunnel with natural ventilation systems is researched. The system consists of groups of openings with vertical shafts on tunnel roof. Firstly, the temperature, concentration, spread and sedimentation characteristics of smoke are simulated using CFD software under full-scale experiments' conditions. Plug-holing and adhered spill plume can be observed from the simulation results. These special phenomena decrease the efficiency of smoke exhaust. Nevertheless, most smoke can be exhausted through the shafts in the condition of natural ventilation systems. Furthermore, the simulation results are compared with the data gathered from full-scale experiments and the simulation results agree well with the experimental data. Lastly, the conclusion is drawn and the future trends are proposed. It provides theoretical support to adopt this innovative tunnel with vertical shaft in future. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.