Journal
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 20, Issue 8, Pages 482-494Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41583-019-0189-2
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Funding
- New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF)
- US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [U19 NS104648-01, DP2 DA035149-01, 5R01MH106689-02, F32 MH112320-02]
- Pew
- McKnight
- NARSAD (US National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression)
- Sloan Foundation
- Army Research Office [W911NF-17-1-0554]
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The striatum is essential for learning which actions lead to reward and for implementing those actions. Decades of experimental and theoretical work have led to several influential theories and hypotheses about how the striatal circuit mediates these functions. However, owing to technical limitations, testing these hypotheses rigorously has been difficult. In this Review, we briefly describe some of the classic ideas of striatal function. We then review recent studies in rodents that take advantage of optical and genetic methods to test these classic ideas by recording and manipulating identified cell types within the circuit. This new body of work has provided experimental support of some longstanding ideas about the striatal circuit and has uncovered critical aspects of the classic view that are incorrect or incomplete.
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