Journal
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
Volume 63, Issue 16, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900389
Keywords
health; meta-analysis; tea consumption; umbrella review
Categories
Funding
- Chinese Medical Board Grant on Evidence-Based Medicine, New York, USA [98-680]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30901427]
- Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Project [2016SZ0047]
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Scope The aim of this article is to conduct an umbrella review to study the strength and validity of associations between tea consumption and diverse health outcomes. Methods and results Meta-analyses of observational studies examining associations between tea consumption and health outcomes in all human populations and settings are screened. The umbrella review identifies 96 meta-analyses with 40 unique health outcomes. Tea consumption shows greater benefits than harm to health in this review. Dose-response analyses of tea consumption indicates reduced risks of total mortality, cardiac death, coronary artery disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes mellitus with increment of two to three cups per day. Beneficial associations are also found for several cancers, skeletal, cognitive, and maternal outcomes. Harmful associations are found for esophageal and gastric cancer when the temperature of intake is more than 55-60 degrees C. Conclusion Tea consumption, except for very hot tea, seems generally safe at usual levels of intake, with summary estimates indicating the largest reduction for diverse health outcomes at two to three cups per day. Generally, tea consumption seems more beneficial than harmful in this umbrella review. Randomized controlled trials are further needed to understand whether the observed associations are causal.
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