Journal
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
Volume 63, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900062
Keywords
biomarkers; dietary exposure; free-living; metabolomics; urine sampling
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Funding
- Medical Research Council (MRC) [MR/J010308/1]
- MRC [MR/J010308/1, MR/P020941/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Scope Dietary choices modulate the risk of chronic diseases and improving diet is a central component of public health strategies. Food-derived metabolites present in urine could provide objective biomarkers of dietary exposure. To assist biomarker validation, this work aims to develop a food intervention strategy mimicking a typical annual diet over a short period of time and assesses urine sampling protocols potentially suitable for future deployment of biomarker technology in free-living populations. Methods and results Six different menu plans comprehensively represent a typical UK annual diet that is split into two dietary experimental periods. Free-living adult participants (n = 15 and n = 36, respectively) are provided with all their food, as a series of menu plans, over a period of three consecutive days. Multiple spot urine samples are collected and stored at home. Conclusion A successful food exposure strategy is established following a conventional UK eating pattern, which is suitable for biomarker validation in free-living individuals. The urine sampling procedure is acceptable for volunteers and delivered samples suitable for biomarker quantification. The study design provides scope for validation of existing biomarker candidates and potentially for discovery of new biomarker leads, and should help inform the future deployment of biomarker technology for habitual dietary exposure measurement.
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