Journal
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 147, Issue -, Pages 571-581Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.03.074
Keywords
Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction; QuEChERS; Magnetic solid phase extraction; Gas chromatography; Pesticides
Categories
Funding
- Research Council of the University of Tabriz
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In this study, a combination of QuEChERS extraction-magnetic solid phase extraction-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction has been reported for the extraction and preconcentration of different pesticides (diazinon, penconazole, oxadiazon, diniconazole, and fenazaquin) from various vegetable, fruit, and nectar samples followed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection. The QuEChERS extraction method is used for the extraction of the analytes from the scums of the samples. A few mg of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2@ph) are used for the extraction of the analytes dissolved in the juices of the samples. In the following to achieve high enrichment factors a microextraction procedure, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, is carried out. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer. Some important parameters which affect the extraction efficiency such as weight of the magnetic sorbent, vortexing time, elution solvent kind and volume, extraction solvent kind and volume, pH, and salt addition are studied. Under the optimum extraction conditions, limits of detection and quantification were obtained in the ranges of 0.21-0.34 and 0.69-1.12 mu g L-1, respectively. The calibration graphs were linear with coefficients of determination >= 0.9930. High enrichment factors (245-351) and good extraction recoveries (49-70%) were obtained. The relative standard deviation was <= 9% for intra- (n = 6) and inter-day (n = 4) precisions.
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