Porous fluorhydroxyapatite-magnesium-gelatin novel composite scaffold based on freeze-drying mechanism for bone tissue engineering application

Porous fluorhydroxyapatite (FHA)/magnesium (Mg)/gelatin (Gel) scaffolds with various amounts of FHA (30, 40, 50 wt%) were fabricated through freeze-drying procedure. Microscopic investigations indicated a porous microstructure with pores diameter in the range of 150-250 mu m, which is acceptable for osteoblastic cells to proliferate. Additionally, successful replacement of fluorine ion in the structure of hydroxyapatite and suitable incorporation of compounds in the scaffolds were verified. Hence increasing the amount of fluohydroxyapatite in the structure of scaffolds has also played a significant role in improving mechanical properties and promoting biological aspects. The results showed that using Mg, Gel and FHA as a fuctional compound, due to the development of non-toxic aspects and mechanical properties, can lead to a massive evolution in bone tissue engineering applications. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.