Journal
MARINE DRUGS
Volume 17, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/md17060380
Keywords
fish oil; obesity; skeletal muscle wasting; AMP-activated protein kinase
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (R.O.C) [MOST103-2313-B-019-001-MY3]
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Obesity is known to cause skeletal muscle wasting. This study investigated the effect and the possible mechanism of fish oil on skeletal muscle wasting in an obese rat model. High-fat (HF) diets were applied to induce the defects of lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats with or without substitution of omega-3 fatty acids-enriched fish oil (FO, 5%) for eight weeks. Diets supplemented with 5% FO showed a significant decrease in the final body weight compared to HF diet-fed rats. The decreased soleus muscle weights in HF diet-fed rats could be improved by FO substitution. The decreased myosin heavy chain (a muscle thick filament protein) and increased FOXO3A and Atrogin-1 (muscle atrophy-related proteins) protein expressions in soleus muscles of HF diet-fed rats could also be reversed by FO substitution. FO substitution could also significantly activate adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma) coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha), and PPAR gamma protein expression and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression in soleus muscles of HF diet-fed rats. These results suggest that substitution of FO exerts a beneficial improvement in the imbalance of lipid and muscle metabolisms in obesity. AMPK/PGC-1 alpha signaling may play an important role in FO-prevented obesity-induced muscle wasting.
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