Effect of sol-gel synthesis method on the structural, electrical, and ferroelectric properties of lead-free K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ceramic

To shape the crystal and improve the internal properties of the material, selection of a suitable method is of paramount importance. High interdiffusion of cations, low production temperature, and control of stoichiometry at the molecular level are the main impacts, which should be reflected by a synthesis process. In this paper, the sol-gel technique was used for the synthesis of sodium potassium niobate (KNN) ferroelectric material because the presence of liquid media can control the uniform growth of crystals. XRD patterns of the sample showed a perovskite phase with orthorhombic structure at room temperature. Structural analysis was performed on the basis of SEM and FTIR characterization. The presence of two anomalies justifies the large ferroelectric region, and conduction process was due to the presence of singly ionized anion vacancies at higher applied electric fields. [GRAPHICS] .