Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 427, Issue -, Pages 260-270Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.04.047
Keywords
Lithium-ion; Fast charging; Lithium plating; Electric vehicle battery; Anode potential control; Cycle life
Funding
- Daimler AG
- Deutsche Accumotive GmbH Co. KG
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When charging a lithium-ion cell, the deposition of metallic lithium on the negative electrode surface, known as lithium plating, must be avoided. In this paper, the charging process of a commercial high energy lithium-ion pouch cell is investigated. Three-electrode test cells are assembled using electrode materials from the high energy lithium-ion pouch cell together with lithium metal as reference electrode to acquire the potential at the negative electrode-electrolyte interface. During charging, the cells' current is controlled in a way that the negative electrode potential is maintained constantly slightly above 0V vs. Li/Li+. The resulting current map depending on temperature and state of charge is used to control the charging process of the pouch cell. Following this new charging procedure, a state of charge of 80% is reached in 15 min at 25 degrees C ambient temperature. Different cycle life tests are performed to examine iteratively an approach to how the charging current has to be reduced over the lifetime in order to avoid accelerated aging. To prove the practicability, the method is tested at the battery pack level.
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