Journal
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
Volume 60, Issue 11, Pages 1841-1850Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1194/jlr.M094722
Keywords
ceramide molecular species; sphingosine; sphingomyelin; mass spectrometry; cellular organelles
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [CA97132]
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Award
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences [9R01GM097741]
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Sphingolipids contribute to the regulation of cell and tissue homeostasis, and disorders of sphingolipid metabolism lead to diseases such as inflammation, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Sphingolipid metabolic pathways involve an array of enzymes that reside in specific subcellular organelles, resulting in the formation of many diverse sphingolipids with distinct molecular species based on the diversity of the ceramide (Cer) structure. In order to probe compartment-specific metabolism of sphingolipids in this study, we analyzed the Cer and SM species preferentially produced in the inner plasma membrane (PM), Golgi apparatus, ER, mitochondria, nucleus, and cytoplasm by using compartmentally targeted bacterial SMases and ceramidases. The results showed that the length of the acyl chain of Cer becomes longer according to the progress of Cer from synthesis in the ER to the Golgi apparatus, then to the PM. These findings suggest that each organelle shows different properties of SM-derived Cers consistent with its emerging distinct functions in vitro and in vivo.
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