Journal
JOURNAL OF DAIRY RESEARCH
Volume 86, Issue 3, Pages 354-360Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0022029919000463
Keywords
Acidification; FTIR; lag time; spray-drying; yogurt
Funding
- Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Agrarias, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina
- Argentinean Agency for the Scientific and Technological Promotion (ANPCyT) [PICT/2014/0912, PICT/2016/3047, PICT2017/1344, 2016/4808]
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A commercial drinkable yogurt with and without 4% of added trehalose (as cell protectant) was spray-dried obtaining a powder with low water activity (a(w)). Total bacterial count in the powder was between 8.48-8.90 log cfu/g. The dried yogurt was stored: (i) at 38 degrees C and a(w) = 0.33; (ii) at 38 degrees C in hermetically sealed flasks (a(w) = 0.21/0.22); (iii) in a cyclic temperature chamber (10-20 degrees C) in hermetically sealed flasks (a(w) = 0.21/0.22). Whole milk was then fermented by adding an inoculum of spray-dried yogurt after storage under these different conditions. The kinetics of acidification showed the presence of a lag time which was strongly dependent on storage conditions. The data was fitted with a logistic type equation from which the lag time was calculated. To evaluate structural differences among samples, Fourier Transform Infrared spectra (FTIR) were recorded. Partial Least Squares (PLS) models enabled a good correlation between lag time of fermentation and FTIR spectra. The lag time for yogurt powder stored at a(w) about 0.21/0.22 and cyclic temperature 10-20 degrees C remained approximately constant over the 12 weeks of storage, while all the other conditions resulted in a dramatic increase. The addition of trehalose had a small influence on lag time and, therefore, as a protectant of lactobacilli.
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