Journal
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 144, Issue 6, Pages 1638-+Publisher
MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.06.029
Keywords
Atopy; microbiome; metagenome; butyrate
Categories
Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) [148781]
- CIHR
- Allergy, Genes and Environment Network of Centres of Excellence
- Genome Canada
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Background: Allergic disease is the most frequent chronic health issue in children and has been linked to early-life gut microbiome dysbiosis. Many lines of evidence suggest that microbially derived short-chain fatty acids, and particularly butyrate, can promote immune tolerance. Objective: We sought to determine whether bacterial butyrate production in the gut during early infancy is protective against the development of atopic disease in children. Methods: We used shotgun metagenomic analysis to determine whether dysbiosis in butyrate fermentation could be identified in human infants, before their developing allergic disease. Results: We found that the microbiome of infants who went on to develop allergic sensitization later in childhood lacked genes encoding key enzymes for carbohydrate breakdown and butyrate production. Conclusions: Our findings support the importance of microbial carbohydrate metabolism during early infancy in protecting against the development of allergies.
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