Analysis by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS of Phenolic Compounds and HPLC-DAD-Based Determination of Carotenoids in Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Bagasse

Noni bagasse is usually wasted after the noni juice extraction process. The, purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical composition of noni bagasse (with and without seeds) obtained after a 1 week period of a short-term juice drip-extraction process from over-ripe noni fruit. Totals of free phenolics, flavonoids, condensed tannins, carotenoids, and most of the minerals were higher in bagasse without seeds (NSB) than in bagasse with seeds (WSB), whereas bound phenolics and total and insoluble dietary fiber were higher in WSB than in NSB. beta-Carotene and lutein, quantified by HPLC-DAD, were higher in both bagasse than in juice. A total of 16 phenolic compounds and 2 iridoids were determined by UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS. Among them, procyanidin B-type dimer, caffeoylquinic-acid-hexoside, and quercetin-hexose-deoxyhexose have not been previously reported in noni bagasse, noni juice, or noni fruit. Isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside was the most abundant compound in both bagasses. In conclusion, both bagasses are potential sources of phytochemical compounds for the food and pharmaceutical industries.