Research advances in high-energy TIG arc welding

Through collecting, sorting, and analysing the research data of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding in China and abroad, the modified TIG welding and ways to realise the improvement of the arc energy density are summarised. Based on the existing literature, two methods have been employed to improve the arc energy density. One is controlling and reducing the arc space, i.e., to compress and constrain the arc. The other is to increase the number and energy of the particles in the arc. The primary techniques to achieve the goals mentioned above are the following: adding energy to the arc, changing the arc ionisation, and increasing the arc heat dissipation. Additionally, it is indicated that further studying the mechanism of the arc energy density, especially the shape and energy distribution of the arc at the microscopic level, will provide fresh perspectives in the efficient production of TIG welding.