Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 26, Issue 24, Pages 25218-25234Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05737-3
Keywords
EKC; Agricultural sector; Electricity consumption; Mobile use
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This study investigates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) over the period 1990-2014, while considering agricultural activities, energy use, trade openness and mobile use as driving forces of environmental degradation. The empirical results verify an inverted U-shaped connection between carbon emissions and economic growth. This study confirms the unfriendly impact of agriculture on the environment. Electricity consumption and trade openness likewise exhibit similar impacts on carbon emissions. Mobile use however reduces pollution. A unique revelation from this study is that the interaction between electricity consumption and agricultural activities has an additional pernicious effect on the environment. The methodologies applied for testing the impact of selected independent variables on carbon emissions in BRICS are the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) and the Fully Modify Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) for long run regression. Empirical evidence confirms that agriculture exerts a negative impact on the environment in BRICS countries. This study therefore recommends the adoption of cleaner energy processes and enabling high-tech and clean foreign investment.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available