Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
Volume 120, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2019.07.016
Keywords
Hypoxia; Dissolved oxygen modeling; Bayesian inference; Neuse River estuary; Stratification; Oxygen demand
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Funding
- North Carolina Sea Grant [2016-R/16-HCE-1]
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This study describes development of a mechanistically parsimonious model to dynamically simulate bottom layer (subpycnocline) dissolved oxygen (BLDO) concentration in the Neuse River Estuary, USA (1997-2015). The approach embeds differential equations controlling May-October BLDO within a Bayesian framework, enabling rigorous uncertainty quantification considering prior knowledge and calibration to historical data. Model simulations explain 62% of variability in bimonthly mean BLDO observations. Results indicate that during July-August, 36% of BLDO is consumed meeting oxygen demand associated with seasonal primary production, while the rest is depleted meeting long-term oxygen demand (LTOD), associated with storage of organic matter in estuary sediments. Interannual LTOD variation is associated with November-April longitudinal velocities, suggesting elevated flushing in winter decreases oxygen demands in summer. Results also indicate that the system is more responsive to nutrient loading reductions than previously thought, though it may take multiple years to produce measurable declines in hypoxia due to hydro-meteorological variability.
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