Journal
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 100, Issue 19, Pages 8573-8582Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7659-5
Keywords
Denitrification; nirS gene; Coastal wetlands; Temperature; Abundance; Community structure
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundations of China [41322002, 41271114, 41130525, 41071135, 41501524]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET)
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2015 M581567]
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For the past few decades, human activities have intensively increased the reactive nitrogen enrichment in China's coastal wetlands. Although denitrification is a critical pathway of nitrogen removal, the understanding of denitrifier community dynamics driving denitrification remains limited in the coastal wetlands. In this study, the diversity, abundance, and community composition of nirS-encoding denitrifiers were analyzed to reveal their variations in China's coastal wetlands. Diverse nirS sequences were obtained and more than 98 % of them shared considerable phylogenetic similarity with sequences obtained from aquatic systems (marine/estuarine/coastal sediments and hypoxia sea water). Clone library analysis revealed that the distribution and composition of nirS-harboring denitrifiers had a significant latitudinal differentiation, but without a seasonal shift. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the community structure of nirS-encoding denitrifiers was significantly related to temperature and ammonium concentration. The nirS gene abundance ranged from 4.3 x 10(5) to 3.7 x 10(7) copies g(-1) dry sediment, with a significant spatial heterogeneity. Among all detected environmental factors, temperature was a key factor affecting not only the nirS gene abundance but also the community structure of nirS-type denitrifiers. Overall, this study significantly enhances our understanding of the structure and dynamics of denitrifying communities in the coastal wetlands of China.
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