Journal
CELLULOSE
Volume 26, Issue 11, Pages 6653-6667Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10570-019-02557-z
Keywords
Nanocellulose; Aerogels; Anisotropy; Directional freeze-drying
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51803093, 31670556, 31770609]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20180770]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province for Outstanding Young Scholars [BK20180090]
- 333 Project Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BRA2018337]
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Directional freeze-drying is considered to regulate the structure of nanocellulose aerogels with special performances. In this work, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber aerogels with high porosity (>99.5%) and low density (similar to 7mg/cm(3)) were produced by different freeze-drying methods. The effects of temperature, freezing reagents and freezing methods on the structure and properties of aerogels were investigated. Among them, an anisotropic cellulose aerogel was obtained using a simple and flexible directional freezing in ethanol of -30 degrees C by a self-made directional freezer. Our results demonstrated that it could present honeycomb-like pores in the transverse direction and regular directional tunnels in the longitudinal direction, and some attractive features, such as high water adsorption (120g/g) and stability in water. Compared with other aerogels, this anisotropic structure also provided the aerogel with excellent compressive property (15.2kPa) and faster liquid transport (4.95mm/s) in the longitudinal direction than in other directions. The distinctive aerogels based on nanocellulose by directional freeze-drying are also expected to be combined with multifunctional materials to achieve directional applications to meet the requirements of different fields. [GRAPHICS] .
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