Energy-Performance as a driver for optimal production planning

In this paper, we present energy-aware production planning using a two-dimensional Energy-Perform ance measure. With this measure, the production plan explicitly takes into account machine-level requirements, process control strategies, product types and demand patterns. The Energy-Performanc e measure is developed based on an existing concept, namely, Specific Energy at machine level. It is further expanded to an Energy-Performance profile for a production line. A production planning problem is formulated as a stochastic MILP with risk-averse constraints to account for manufacturer's risk averseness. The objective is to attain an optimal production plan that minimizes the total loss distribution subject to system throughput targets, probabilistic risk constraints and constraints imposed by the underlying Energy-Performance pattern. Electricity price and demand per unit time are assumed to be stochastic. Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) of loss distributions is used as the manufacturer's risk measure. Both single-machine and production lines are studied for different profiles and electricity pricing schemes. It is shown that the shape of Energy-Performance profile can change optimal plans. Published by Elsevier Ltd.