Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, VOL 35
Volume 35, Issue -, Pages 591-613Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100617-062608
Keywords
blood-brain barrier; neurovascular unit; central nervous system; endothelial cells; pericytes; astrocytes
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [DP1 NS092473] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [DP1NS092473] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The vertebrate vasculature displays high organotypic specialization, with the structure and function of blood vessels catering to the specific needs of each tissue. A unique feature of the central nervous system (CNS) vasculature is the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The BBB regulates substance influx and efflux to maintain a homeostatic environment for proper brain function. Here, we review the development and cell biology of the BBB, focusing on the cellular and molecular regulation of barrier formation and the maintenance of the BBB through adulthood. We summarize unique features of CNS endothelial cells and highlight recent progress in and general principles of barrier regulation. Finally, we illustrate why a mechanistic understanding of the development and maintenance of the BBB could provide novel therapeutic opportunities for CNS drug delivery.
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