Quality of Life After Total Mesorectal Excision and Rectal Replacement: Comparing Side-to-End, Colon J-Pouch and Straight Colorectal Reconstruction in a Randomized, Phase III Trial (SAKK 40/04)

Background Functional outcomes of different reconstruction techniques have an impact on patients' quality of life (QoL), but information on long-term QoL is lacking. We compared QoL among three reconstruction techniques after total mesorectal excision (TME). Methods Quality of life was assessed within a randomized, multicenter trial comparing rectal surgery using side-to-end anastomosis (SEA), colon J-pouch (CJP), and straight colorectal anastomosis (SCA) by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colorectal scale (FACT-C) before randomization and every 6 months up to 2 years post-TME. The primary QoL endpoint was the change in the Trial Outcome Index (TOI), including the FACT-C subscales of physical and functional well-being and colorectal cancer symptoms (CSS), from baseline to month 12. Pair-wise comparisons of changes from baseline (presurgery) to each timepoint between the three arms were analyzed by Mann-Whitney tests. Results For the QoL analysis, 257 of 336 randomized patients were in the per protocol evaluation (SEA = 95; CJP = 63; SCA = 99). Significant differences between the reconstruction techniques were found for selected QoL scales up to 12 months, all in favor of CJP. Patients with SEA or SCA reported a clinically relevant deterioration for TOI and CSS at 6 months, those with SCA for CSS also at 12 months after TME. Patients with CJP remained stable. Conclusions Although the three reconstruction techniques differ in their effects on QoL at months 6 and 12, these differences did not persist over the whole observation period of 24 months. Patients with a colon J-pouch may benefit with respect to QoL in the short-term.