Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 59, Issue 7, Pages 2554-2564Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905005
Keywords
circulating nucleic acids; DNA sequencing; electrochemical methods; liquid biopsy; microfluidics
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Circulating tumour nucleic acids (ctNAs) are released from tumours cells and can be detected in blood samples, providing a way to track tumors without requiring a tissue sample. This liquid biopsy approach has the potential to replace invasive, painful, and costly tissue biopsies in cancer diagnosis and management. However, a very sensitive and specific approach is required to detect relatively low amounts of mutant sequences linked to cancer because they are masked by the high levels of wild-type sequences. This review discusses high-performance nucleic acid biosensors for ctNA analysis in patient samples. We compare sequencing- and amplification-based methods to next-generation sensors for ctDNA and ctRNA (including microRNA) profiling, such as electrochemical methods, surface plasmon resonance, Raman spectroscopy, and microfluidics and dielectrophoresis-based assays. We present an overview of the analytical sensitivity and accuracy of these methods as well as the biological and technical challenges they present.
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