Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 61, Issue -, Pages 316-326Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.030
Keywords
Mesenchymal stem cells; Microstructure; Nanotopography; Laser ablation; Gene expression; Osteogenesis
Funding
- German Research Foundation [WA 1706/3-2, GI 265/12-2]
- RWTH Aachen University within a ERS Boostfund project of the German Excellence Initiative [OPBF071]
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research within the Faculty of Medicine at the RWTH Aachen University [IZKF T11-2]
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Surface topography impacts on cell growth and differentiation, but it is not trivial to generate defined surface structures and to assess the relevance of specific topographic parameters. In this study, we have systematically compared in vitro differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on a variety of groove/ridge structures. Micro- and nano-patterns were generated in polyimide using reactive ion etching or multi beam laser interference, respectively. These structures affected cell spreading and orientation of human MSCs, which was also reflected in focal adhesions morphology and size. Time-lapse demonstrated directed migration parallel to the nano-patterns. Overall, surface patterns clearly enhanced differentiation of MSCs towards specific lineages: 15 gm ridges increased adipogenic differentiation whereas 2 gm ridges enhanced osteogenic differentiation. Notably, nano-patterns with a periodicity of 650 nm increased differentiation towards both osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. However, in absence of differentiation media surface structures did neither induce differentiation, nor lineage-specific gene expression changes. Furthermore, nanostructures did not affect the YAP/TAZ complex, which is activated by substrate stiffness. Our results provide further insight into how structuring of tailored biomaterials and implant interfaces - e.g. by multi beam laser interference in sub-micrometer scale do not induce differentiation of MSCs per se, but support their directed differentiation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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