Journal
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 91, Issue 17, Pages 11038-11044Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01366
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21775019, 21635004, 81730087]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [2242018K3DN04]
- Open Project of Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Nanjing Medical University [NMUMT201804]
- Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province [KYCX18_0130]
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Recent findings have thrust poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) into the limelight as a potential biomarker and chemotherapeutic target for cancer. Thus, a sensitive method for detection of PARP-1 is necessary for early diagnosis of cancer and drug development. However, the poor electrochemical and optical activity of PARP-1 and its product poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) prompted researchers to develop more methods. Here, we developed an efficient method for the determination of PARP-1 by using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) because it is mass-sensitive. Once activated by the specific DNA, PARP-1 cleaves nicotinamideadenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) into nicotinamide and ADP-ribose to synthesize a hyperbranched poly(ADP-ribose) polymer. Although QCM is mass-sensitive, it is not sensitive enough to discern PAR effectively. So, positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-coated gold nanorods (GNRs) were introduced to increase the frequency change significantly because of the strong electrostatic interaction between them with negatively charged PAR. PARP-1 ranging from 0.06 to 3 nM can be facilely detected with a low detection limit of 0.04 nM. The strategy has been used to evaluate PARP-1 inhibitors and to detect PARP-1 activity in real cancer cells lysate with satisfactory results, indicating that it was a promising candidate for clinical diagnosis and drug screening in the future.
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