Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 11, Issue 26, Pages 23681-23691Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04183
Keywords
mesoporous silica; rare earth elements; selective extraction; bauxite residue; red mud
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
- Fonds de recherche du Quebec-Nature et technologies (FRQNT)
- NSERC [STPGP 463032-14]
- Canada Research Chairs program
- University of Vienna (Austria)
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The separation and preconcentration of rare earth elements (REEs) from mineral concentrates in an economically and environmentally sustainable manner are difficult tasks due to their similar physicochemical properties. Herein, a series of tetradentate phenylenedioxy diamide (PDDA) ligands were synthesized and grafted on large-pore three-dimensional KIT-6 mesoporous silica. In solid-phase extraction, the hybrid sorbents enable a size-selective separation of REEs on the basis of the bite angles of the ligands. In particular, smaller REE3+ ions are preferentially extracted by KIT-6-1,2-PDDA, whereas light REEs with larger ionic radius are favored by KIT-6-1,3-PDDA. The exposure of bauxite residue digestion solution containing REEs as well as a number of types of competitive ions (including Th and U) to the sorbents results in selective recovery of target REEs. The possibility of regenerating the mesoporous sorbents through a simple loading-stripping-regeneration process is demonstrated over up to five cycles with no significant loss in REE extraction capacity, suggesting adequate chemical and structural stability of the new sorbent materials.
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