Journal
CELLS
Volume 8, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells8050418
Keywords
PDX clinical trial; co-clinical trial; drug development; solid tumor; patient-derived cancer model; drug sensitivity
Categories
Funding
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) [19mk010112h0002]
- National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund [31-A-8]
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Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are used as powerful tools for understanding cancer biology in PDX clinical trials and co-clinical trials. In this systematic review, we focus on PDX clinical trials or co-clinical trials for drug development in solid tumors and summarize the utility of PDX models in the development of anti-cancer drugs, as well as the challenges involved in this approach, following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Recently, the assessment of drug efficacy by PDX clinical and co-clinical trials has become an important method. PDX clinical trials can be used for the development of anti-cancer drugs before clinical trials, with their efficacy assessed by the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST). A few dozen cases of PDX models have completed enrollment, and the efficacy of the drugs is assessed by 1 x 1 x 1 or 3 x 1 x 1 approaches in the PDX clinical trials. Furthermore, co-clinical trials can be used for personalized care or precision medicine with the evaluation of a new drug or a novel combination. Several PDX models from patients in clinical trials have been used to assess the efficacy of individual drugs or drug combinations in co-clinical trials.
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