Journal
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 178, Issue 8, Pages 1567-1585Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1968-5
Keywords
Positive-sense single strand RNA virus ((+) ssRNAvirus); Reporter system; Recombinant virus; Replicon; Protease; Replicase
Funding
- Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Projects [20140101123JC, 20150204077NY]
- Fundamental Research Funds of Jilin University
- Science and Technology Research Program of Jilin Educational Committee
- Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT1248]
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Cell-based reporter systems have facilitated studies of viral replication and pathogenesis, virus detection, and drug susceptibility testing. There are three types of cell-based reporter systems that express certain reporter protein for positive-sense single strand RNA virus infections. The first type is classical reporter system, which relies on recombinant virus, reporter virus particle, or subgenomic replicon. During infection with the recombinant virus or reporter virus particle, the reporter protein is expressed and can be detected in real time in a dose-dependent manner. Using subgenomic replicon, which are genetically engineered viral RNA molecules that are capable of replication but incapable of producing virions, the translation and replication of the replicon could be tracked by the accumulation of reporter protein. The second type of reporter system involves genetically engineered cells bearing virus-specific protease cleavage sequences, which can sense the incoming viral protease. The third type is based on viral replicase, which can report the specific virus infection via detection of the incoming viral replicase. This review specifically focuses on the major technical breakthroughs in the design of cell-based reporter systems and the application of these systems to the further understanding and control of viruses over the past few decades.
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