Journal
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
Volume 10, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00314
Keywords
schizophrenia; drug addiction; antipsychotic efficacy; antipsychotic-resistant schizophrenia; dopamine transporter; dopamine synthesis; dopamine release
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [AM 488/1-1]
- Brain & Behavior Research Foundation (NARSAD Young Investigator Award 2018)
- National Institutes of Health [DA044782]
- Fonds de la Recherche du Quebec-Sante [28988]
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Antipsychotic treatment resistance in schizophrenia remains a major issue in psychiatry. Nearly 30% of patients with schizophrenia do not respond to antipsychotic treatment, yet the underlying neurobiological causes are unknown. All effective antipsychotic medications are thought to achieve their efficacy by targeting the dopaminergic system. Here we review early literature describing the fundamental mechanisms of antipsychotic drug efficacy, highlighting mechanistic concepts that have persisted over time. We then reconsider the original framework for understanding antipsychotic efficacy in light of recent advances in our scientific understanding of the dopaminergic effects of antipsychotics. Based on these new insights, we describe a role for the dopamine transporter in the genesis of both antipsychotic therapeutic response and primary resistance. We believe that this discussion will help delineate the dopaminergic nature of antipsychotic treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
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