Journal
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s41534-019-0150-2
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Funding
- University of Vienna via the Vienna Doctoral School
- Templeton World Charity Foundation [TWCF0194]
- European Commission through the project QUCHIP [641039]
- European Commission through ErBeSta [800942]
- Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) through the QuantERA ERA-NET Cofund project HiPhoP [731473]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through CoQuS [W1210-4]
- U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA2386-233 17-1-4011]
- Red Bull GmbH
- European Research Council [789104-eNANO]
- Spanish MINECO [MAT2017-88492-R, SEV2015-0522]
- European Commission [696656]
- Catalan CERCA
- Fundacio Privada Cellex
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through NaMuG [P30067-N36]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through BeyondC [F71]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P30067, F71] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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Among the various approaches to quantum computing, all-optical architectures are especially promising due to the robustness and mobility of single photons. However, the creation of the two-photon quantum logic gates required for universal quantum computing remains a challenge. Here we propose a universal two-qubit quantum logic gate, where qubits are encoded in surface plasmons in graphene nanostructures, that exploits graphene's strong third-order nonlinearity and long plasmon lifetimes to enable single-photon-level interactions. In particular, we utilize strong two-plasmon absorption in graphene nanoribbons, which can greatly exceed single-plasmon absorption to create a square-root-of-swap that is protected by the quantum Zeno effect against evolution into undesired failure modes. Our gate does not require any cryogenic or vacuum technology, has a footprint of a few hundred nanometers, and reaches fidelities and success rates well above the fault-tolerance threshold, suggesting that graphene plasmonics offers a route towards scalable quantum technologies.
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