Journal
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
Volume 7, Issue 5, Pages 594-607Publisher
OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.7.000594
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Funding
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDJ-SSW-JSC002]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [61527823, 61875188]
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Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) hexagonal optical micro-/nanocavities can be utilized as high-quality (Q) resonators for realizing compact-size low-threshold lasers. In this paper, the progress in WGM hexagonal micro-/nanocavity lasers is reviewed comprehensively. High-Q WGMs in hexagonal cavities are divided into two kinds of resonances propagating along hexagonal and triangular periodic orbits, with distinct mode characteristics according to theoretical analyses and numerical simulations; however, WGMs in a wavelength-scale nanocavity cannot be well described by the ray model. Hexagonal micro-/nanocavity lasers can be constructed by both bottom-up and top-down processes, leading to a diversity of these lasers. The ZnO-or nitride-based semiconductor material generally has a wurtzite crystal structure and typically presents a natural hexagonal cross section. Bottom-up growth guarantees smooth surface faceting and hence reduces the scattering loss effectively. Laser emissions have been successfully demonstrated in hexagonal micro-/nanocavities synthesized with various materials and structures. Furthermore, slight deformation can be easily introduced and precisely controlled in top-down fabrication, which allows lasing-mode manipulation. WGM lasing with excellent single-transverse- mode property was realized in waveguide-coupled ideal and deformed hexagonal microcavity lasers. (c) 2019 Chinese Laser Press.
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