Journal
GENES
Volume 10, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/genes10040305
Keywords
Adonis amurensis; flowering gene; transcriptome; proteome; transcription factor
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0500300]
- Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China [C2016024, C2018021]
- 'Academic Backbone' Project of Northeast Agricultural University of China
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Temperature is one of the most important environmental factors affecting flowering in plants. Adonis amurensis, a perennial herbaceous flower that blooms in early spring in northeast China where the temperature can drop to -15 degrees C, is an ideal model for studying the molecular mechanisms of flowering at extremely low temperatures. This study first investigated global gene expression profiles at different developmental stages of flowering in A. amurensis by RNA-seq transcriptome and iTRAQ proteomics. Finally, 123 transcription factors (TFs) were detected in both the transcriptome and the proteome. Of these, 66 TFs belonging to 14 families may play a key role in multiple signaling pathways of flowering in A. amurensis. The TFs FAR1, PHD, and B3 may be involved in responses to light and temperature, while SCL, SWI/SNF, ARF, and ERF may be involved in the regulation of hormone balance. SPL may regulate the age pathway. Some members of the TCP, ZFP, MYB, WRKY, and bHLH families may be involved in the transcriptional regulation of flowering genes. The MADS-box TFs are the key regulators of flowering in A. amurensis. Our results provide a direction for understanding the molecular mechanisms of flowering in A. amurensis at low temperatures.
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