Propofol inhibits proliferation and metastasis by up-regulation of miR-495 in JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cells

Choriocarcinoma is a rare gestational trophoblastic tumour. Propofol is one of the commonly used intravenous anaesthetic agents and exerts an anti-tumour role in multiple cancers. However, the effect of propofol on choriocarcinoma has not been well explored. We investigated the effect of propofol on JEG-3 cells. The effects of propofol on cell proliferation and metastasis were determined. The expression of miR-495 was suppressed while Twist1 overexpressed. Cell viability, migration and invasion were respectively measured using CCK-8 assay and transwell migration/invasion assay. The expression of miR-495, AKT1 and Twist1 was detected using qRT-PCR. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the expression levels of EMT- and proliferation-related factors, and TGF-beta pathway proteins. Propofol treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and reduced the releasing of EMT. miR-495 was up-regulated by profocol, and miR-495 inhibition reversed the effect of propofol on cell proliferation and metastasis in JEG-3 cells. Furthermore, propofol decreased the expression of AKT1 and Twist1 through up-regulating miR-495, and Twist1 participated in the regulation of propofol on TGF-beta signalling inactivation in JEG-3 cells. This study demonstrates that propofol suppresses cell proliferation and metastasis through up-regulation of miR-495 and down-regulation of Twist1 in JEG3 cells.