Journal
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
Volume 8, Issue 13, Pages -Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900132
Keywords
photodynamic therapy; photosensitizers; photothermal therapy
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61720106014, 61805287]
- Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province [2018JJ3632]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [202045002]
- General Research Fund of Hong Kong (GRF) [CityU 11306717, CityU 11338516]
- External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [GJHZ1723]
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As an emerging clinical modality for cancer treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT) takes advantage of the cytotoxic activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated by light irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) in the presence of oxygen (O-2). However, further advancements including tumor selectivity and ROS generation efficiency are still required. Substantial efforts are devoted to design and synthesize smart PSs with optimized properties for achieving a desirable therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes the recent progress in developing intelligent PSs for efficient PDT, ranging from single molecules to delicate nanomaterials. The strategies to improve ROS generation through optimizing photoinduced electron transfer and energy transfer processes of PSs are highlighted. Moreover, the approaches that combine PDT with other therapeutics (e.g., chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, and radiotherapy) and the targeted delivery in cancer cells or tumor tissue are introduced. The main challenges for the clinical application of PSs are also discussed.
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