Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 9, Issue 25, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201900955
Keywords
electrocatalysis; formate oxidation; formic acid oxidation; mesoporosity; Pd nanotube arrays
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholar [51722403]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51771134, U1601216]
- National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [U1601216]
- Tianjin Natural Science Foundation [18JCJQJC46500, 16JCYBJC17600]
- National Youth Talent Support Program
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Fabricating high-performance electrocatalysts is the most critical step in commercializing direct formic acid or formate fuel cells. In this work, a dual-template electrodeposition method is used to create freestanding mesoporosity decorated palladium nanotube arrays (P-PdNTA) as a bifunctional electrocatalyst toward formic acid and formate oxidation (FAO/FOR). The phytantriol-based soft template modifies the superficial chemistry of aluminum anodic oxide inner surfaces, thereby facilitating the regulated electrodeposition of highly stable palladium nanotubes. The sacrifice of the soft template generates substantial mesoporosity on the nanotubes, resulting in a 189% increase in the electrochemically active surface area with respect to the mesopore-free PdNTA baseline. In addition, the soft template significantly increases the density of catalytically active sites per unit area via perturbation on routine nanotube growth, as evidenced by the doubled areal catalytic activity of P-PdNTA versus PdNTA. Remarkably, the P-PdNTA delivered gravimetric catalytic currents of 3.65 and 3.87 A mg(-1) for FAO and FOR, which are 8.5 and 6.5 times higher, respectively, than those of commercial Pt/C. These values are among the most favorable reported and benefit from the unique synergy of fast substance transport, large electrochemical active surface area and high areal population of catalytically active sites.
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