Journal
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
Volume 30, Issue 7, Pages 459-466Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.005
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health [R01AT005378]
- US Department of Agriculture [2914-38420-21822]
- US Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture/Hatch Appropriations [PEN04605, 1018545]
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and an immune-mediated attack against the commensal microbiota. Vitamin D is an essential vitamin that not only promotes calcium and phosphate absorption but also regulates immune function. The active form of vitamin D [1,25(OH)(2)D] has been shown to suppress symptoms of IBD by inhibiting T cell responses. Host protection from gastrointestinal infection depends on T cells. Paradoxically, vitamin D deficiency increases susceptibility to IBD and gastrointestinal infection. Here we review the roles of vitamin D in immune cells using a kinetic model of the vitamin D-mediated effects on infection to explain the sometimes paradoxical effects of vitamin D on gastrointestinal immunity.
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