Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS, VOL 50
Volume 50, Issue -, Pages 267-291Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-034854
Keywords
single cell; single-molecule imaging; gene expression; transcription; mRNA localization; translation
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM057071, T32 GM007288] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS083085] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM057071, T32GM007288] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS083085] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Recent advancements in single-cell and single-molecule imaging technologies have resolved biological processes in time and space that are fundamental to understanding the regulation of gene expression. Observations of single-molecule events in their cellular context have revealed highly dynamic aspects of transcriptional and post-transcriptional control in eukaryotic cells. This approach can relate transcription with mRNA abundance and lifetimes. Another key aspect of single-cell analysis is the cell-to-cell variability among populations of cells. Definition of heterogeneity has revealed stochastic processes, determined characteristics of under-represented cell types or transitional states, and integrated cellular behaviors in the context of multicellular organisms. In this review, we discuss novel aspects of gene expression of eukaryotic cells and multicellular organisms revealed by the latest advances in single-cell and single-molecule imaging technology.
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