Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS, VOL 50
Volume 50, Issue -, Pages 393-421Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120215-035243
Keywords
DNA synthesis; genome stability; mutagenesis; template switching
Categories
Funding
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [T32CA108459, R01CA092276, R01CA154920] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [P01GM105473, R01GM092866, R01GM058015] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCI NIH HHS [T32 CA108459, R01 CA154920, R01 CA092276] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [P01 GM105473, R01 GM092866, R01 GM058015] Funding Source: Medline
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Homologous recombination (HR) is a central process to ensure genomic stability in somatic cells and during meiosis. HR-associated DNA synthesis determines in large part the fidelity of the process. A number of recent studies have demonstrated that DNA synthesis during HR is conservative, less processive, and more mutagenic than replicative DNA synthesis. In this review, we describe mechanistic features of DNA synthesis during different types of HR-mediated DNA repair, including synthesis-dependent strand annealing, break-induced replication, and meiotic recombination. We highlight recent findings from diverse eukaryotic organisms, including humans, that suggest both replicative and translesion DNA polymerases are involved in HR-associated DNA synthesis. Our focus is to integrate the emerging literature about DNA polymerase involvement during HR with the unique aspects of these repair mechanisms, including mutagenesis and template switching.
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