Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY, VOL 32
Volume 32, Issue -, Pages 469-490Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-125341
Keywords
cell migration; three-dimensional migration; friction-based migration; focal adhesion; cytoskeleton; amoeboid migration
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Funding
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology (LMCB) [Paluch ERC Research Grant] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MC_UU_12018/5] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12018/5] Funding Source: Medline
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Cell migration is central to a multitude of physiological processes, including embryonic development, immune surveillance, and wound healing, and deregulated migration is key to cancer dissemination. Decades of investigations have uncovered many of the molecular and physical mechanisms underlying cell migration. Together with protrusion extension and cell body retraction, adhesion to the substrate via specific focal adhesion points has long been considered an essential step in cell migration. Although this is true for cells moving on two-dimensional substrates, recent studies have demonstrated that focal adhesions are not required for cells moving in three dimensions, in which confinement is sufficient to maintain a cell in contact with its substrate. Here, we review the investigations that have led to challenging the requirement of specific adhesions for migration, discuss the physical mechanisms proposed for cell body translocation during focal adhesion-independent migration, and highlight the remaining open questions for the future.
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