Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 364, Issue 6439, Pages 464-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw7354
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Funding
- U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) grant [G17AP00016]
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1653382]
- Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC)
- USGS [G12AC20038]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) through the HPPP-CO2 project [ANR-07-PCO2-0001]
- NSF [EAR-1033462]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) through the HYDROSEIS project [ANR-13-JS-06-0004-01]
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Earthquake swarms attributed to subsurface fluid injection are usually assumed to occur on faults destabilized by increased pore-fluid pressures. However, fluid injection could also activate aseismic slip, which might outpace pore-fluid migration and transmit earthquake-triggering stress changes beyond the fluid-pressurized region. We tested this theoretical prediction against data derived from fluid-injection experiments that activated and measured slow, aseismic slip on preexisting, shallow faults. We found that the pore pressure and slip history imply a fault whose strength is the product of a slip-weakening friction coefficient and the local effective normal stress. Using a coupled shear-rupture model, we derived constraints on the hydromechanical parameters of the actively deforming fault. The inferred aseismic rupture front propagates faster and to larger distances than the diffusion of pressurized pore fluid.
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