Journal
PLANT CELL
Volume 31, Issue 6, Pages 1328-1343Publisher
AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.1105/tpc.18.00736
Keywords
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0100405]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences [Y2017JC07]
- Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province, China [2016B030303007]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China [2014A030310489]
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It has long been recognized that stomatal movement modulates CO2 availability and as a consequence the photosynthetic rate of plants, and that this process is feedback-regulated by photoassimilates. However, the genetic components and mechanisms underlying this regulatory loop remain poorly understood, especially in monocot crop species. Here, we report the cloning and functional characterization of a maize (Zea mays) mutant named closed stomata1 (cst1). Map-based cloning of cst1 followed by confirmation with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/ CRISPR associated protein 9 system identified the causal mutation in a Clade I Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporters (SWEET) family gene, which leads to the E81K mutation in the CST1 protein. CST1 encodes a functional glucose transporter expressed in subsidiary cells, and the E81K mutation strongly impairs the oligomerization and glucose transporter activity of CST1. Mutation of CST1 results in reduced stomatal opening, carbon starvation, and early senescence in leaves, suggesting that CST1 functions as a positive regulator of stomatal opening. Moreover, CST1 expression is induced by carbon starvation and suppressed by photoassimilate accumulation. Our study thus defines CST1 as a missing link in the feedback-regulation of stomatal movement and photosynthesis by photoassimilates in maize.
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