Journal
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
Volume 223, Issue 2, Pages 1009-1022Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.15844
Keywords
floral evolution; genetic covariation; Jaltomata; pleiotropy; QTL mapping; quantitative trait locus (QTL) colocalization; Solanaceae
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Funding
- IU Biology Department, National Science Foundation Award [NSF DEB 1136707]
- National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [NSF DEB 1342962]
- Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [NSF DEB 1601078]
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Genetic correlations among different components of phenotypes, especially those resulting from pleiotropy, can constrain or facilitate trait evolution. These factors could especially influence the evolution of traits that are functionally integrated, such as those comprising the flower. Indeed, pleiotropy is proposed as a main driver of repeated convergent trait transitions, including the evolution of phenotypically similar pollinator syndromes. We assessed the role of pleiotropy in the differentiation of floral and other reproductive traits between two species - Jaltomata sinuosa and J. umbellata (Solanaceae) - that have divergent suites of floral traits consistent with bee and hummingbird pollination, respectively. To do so, we generated a hybrid population and examined the genetic architecture (trait segregation and quantitative trait locus (QTL) distribution) underlying 25 floral and fertility traits. We found that most floral traits had a relatively simple genetic basis (few, predominantly additive, QTLs of moderate to large effect), as well as little evidence of antagonistic pleiotropy (few trait correlations and QTL colocalization, particularly between traits of different classes). However, we did detect a potential case of adaptive pleiotropy among floral size and nectar traits. These mechanisms may have facilitated the rapid floral trait evolution observed within Jaltomata, and may be a common component of rapid phenotypic change more broadly.
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