Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 19, Issue 5, Pages 2928-2934Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b05208
Keywords
Mg-S battery; in situ XAS; capacity degradation mechanism; catalyst
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFB0100100, 2017YFB0701600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21433013, U11874036, U1832218]
- CAS-DOE Joint Research Program [121E32KYSB20150004]
- CAS-Queensland Collaborative Science Fund [121E32KYSB20160032]
- Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program [2017BT01N111]
- Basic Research Project of Shenzhen [JCYJ20170412171430026]
- DOE Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research (JCESR)
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The Mg/S battery is attractive because of its high theoretical energy density and the abundance of Mg and S on the earth. However, its development is hindered by the lack of understanding to the underlying electrochemical reaction mechanism of its charge-discharge processes. Here, using a unique in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopic tool, we systematically study the reaction pathways of the Mg/S cells in Mg(HMDS)(2)-AlCl3 electrolyte. We find that the capacity degradation is mainly due to the formation of irreversible discharge products, such as MgS and Mg3S8, through a direct electrochemical deposition or a chemical disproportionation of intermediate polysulfide. In light of the fundamental understanding, we propose to use TiS2 as a catalyst to activate the irreversible reaction of low-order MgSx and MgS, which results in an increased discharging capacity up to 900 mAh.g(-1) and a longer cycling life.
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