Journal
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 487, Issue 1, Pages 1462-1479Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz1299
Keywords
Galaxy: halo; Galaxy: disc; Galaxy: formation; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: stellar content; Stars: abundances
Categories
Funding
- ANR [14-CE33-014-01]
- CONACyT of Mexico [241732]
- FONDECYT [3180210]
- PAPIIT of Mexico [IA101217, IA101517]
- MINECO of Spain [AYA2015-65205-P]
- Physics Frontier Center/JINA Center for the Evolution of the Elements (JINA-CEE) - US National Science Foundation [PHY 14-30152]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [AYA-2017-88254-P]
- FAPESP [2017/15893-1]
- Centre national d'etudes spatiales (CNES) [0101973]
- UTINAM Institute of the Universite de Franche-Comte - Region de Franche-Comte
- Institut des Sciences de l'Univers (INSU)
- Region de Franche-Comte
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- U. S. Department of EnergyOffice of Science
- Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah
- BPG
- Carnegie Institution for Science
- Carnegie Mellon University
- Chilean Participation Group
- French Participation Group
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias
- Johns Hopkins University
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo
- Korean Participation Group
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Leibniz Institut fur Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP)
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg)
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Astrophysik (MPA Garching)
- Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE)
- National Astronomical Observatories of China
- New Mexico State University
- New York University
- University of Notre Dame
- Observatorio Nacional/MCTI
- Ohio State University
- Pennsylvania State University
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory
- United Kingdom Participation Group
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
- University of Arizona
- University of Colorado Boulder
- University of Oxford
- University of Portsmouth
- University of Utah
- University of Virginia
- University of Washington
- University of Wisconsin
- Vanderbilt University
- Yale University
- [DGAPA PAPIIT IN105916]
- [G100319]
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We report an analysis of the metal-rich tail ([Fe/H] > -0.75) of stars located at distances from the Galactic plane up to vertical bar z vertical bar similar to 10 kpc, observed by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). We examine the chemistry, kinematics, and dynamics of this metal-rich sample using chemical abundances and radial velocities provided by the 14th APOGEE data release (DR14) and proper motions from the second Gaia data release (DR2). The analysis reveals three chemically different stellar populations in the [Mg/Fe] versus [Fe/H] space - a high-[Mg/Fe] and low-[Mg/Fe] populations, and a third group with intermediate [Mg/Fe] similar to +0.1 - as well as for other chemical elements. We find that they are also kinematically and dynamically distinct. The high-[Mg/Fe] population exhibits a prograde rotation which decreases down to 0 as vertical bar z(max)vertical bar increases, as well as eccentric orbits that are more bound and closer to the plane. The low-[Mg/Fe] stars are likely Sagittarius members, moving in less-bound orbits reaching larger distances from the centre and the Galactic plane. The intermediate-[Mg/Fe] stars resembles the two stellar overdensities lying about vertical bar z vertical bar similar to 5 kpc recently reported in the literature, for which a disc origin has been claimed. We report the identification of new members of these two disc-heated overdensities.
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