Journal
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Volume 98, Issue -, Pages 30-41Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.120
Keywords
Iron oxide nanoparticles; Calcium phosphate cement; Magnetic field; Osteogenic differentiation; Bone regeneration
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81771044, 81672130]
- National Key Research Project [2016YFA0201704/2016YFA0201700]
- Southeast University-Nanjing Medical University Cooperative Research Project [2242018K3DN16]
- Qing Lan Project
- Key Military Medical Projects of CPLA [AWS14C007]
- Beijing Municipal Project [Z171100002217013]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [2018-87]
- University of Maryland seed grant
- University of Maryland School of Dentistry bridge fund
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Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are promising bioactive additives to fabricate magnetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. To date, there has been no report on osteoinductivity of IONP-incorporated calcium phosphate cement (IONP-CPC) scaffold on stem cells using an exterior static magnetic field (SMF). The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel magnetic IONP-CPC construct for bone tissue engineering, and (2) investigate the effects of IONP-incorporation and SMF application on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and bone mineral synthesis of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) seeded on IONP-CPC scaffold for the first time. The novel magnetic IONP-CPC under SMF enhanced the cellular performance of hDPSCs, yielding greater alkaline phosphatase activities (about 3-fold), increased expressions of osteogenic marker genes, and more cell-synthesized bone minerals (about 2.5-fold), compared to CPC control and nonmagnetic IONP-CPC. In addition, IONP-CPC induced more active osteogenesis than CPC control in rat mandible defects. These results were consistent with the enhanced cellular performance by magnetic IONP in media under SMF. Moreover, nano-aggregates were detected inside the cells by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Therefore, the enhanced cell performance was attributed to the physical forces generated by the magnetic field together with cell internalization of the released magnetic nanoparticles from IONP-CPC constructs.
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