Evidence of crustal reworking in the Mesoarchean: Insights from geochemical, U-Pb zircon and Nd isotopic study of a 3.08-3.12 Ga ferro-potassic granite-gneiss from north-eastern margin of Singhbhum Craton, India

Evidences of Mesoarchean crustal reworking are not very common in geological records, being only found from Precambrian terrains like Kaapvaal and Pilbara Cratons where it is preserved as anorogenic/post-collisional granitic activity of 3-3.2 Ga age. The present study focuses on a granitoid unit of similar age, found near the eastern margin of the Precambrian Singhbhum Craton of eastern India. This ellipsoidal, N-S trending, well-foliated granite-gneiss body is found within the polydeformed, metasedimenatry rocks of Singhbhum Group, belonging to the North Singhbhum Mobile Belt. LA-ICP MS U-Pb analysis of zircon grains from one sample give crystallization ages ranging from 3079.4 +/- 6.8 Ma to 3115 +/- 10 Ma. These rocks hereby dubbed as Bangriposi Granite Gneiss, are composed of quartz, alkali feldspar, ferroan biotite (Fe/Fe + Mg: 0.7-0.9), titanite, illmenite, hastingsite, apatite, and numerous U-Th-REE- bearing accessory phases. They have high SiO2 (67-77 wt%) and Na2O + K2O (8.19-9.01 wt%), low CaO (0.35-1.5 wt%), MgO (0.05-036 wt%) and shows enrichment of Nb, Rb, Zr, Y, Th, and REEs, and depletion of Cr, Ni, U, with high FeOt/FeOt, + MgO(similar to 0.9), Ga/Al (2.04-3.51), (La/Yb)(N) (6.5-13), and low Eu/Eu* (0.11-0.47). Geochemically and mineralogically they are categorized as metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK: 0.9-1.1) ferro-potassic alkali feldspar granites. These rocks show unequivocal affinities towards 'A-type granites and from geochemical evidences it is suggested that the parent magma was produced in response to crustal anatexis under low foe with P-T estimates of -900 degrees C and 7-8 kbar. Geochemical modelling has revealed that the probable source was lower crustal amphibolites belonging to the Paleoarchean Older Metamorphic Group, which suffered low degrees (5-15%) of melting. Negative CNd values ( -0.5 to -1.5) are also in favour of reworking of older crust and their Nd isotopic signature bears similarities with other coeval anatectic granites. Bangriposi Granite-Gneiss, along with Mayurbhanj Granite and Bonai Granite, represent a major phase of Mesoarchean anorogenic/post-collisional granitic activity in Singhbhum Craton, indicating the onset of its stabilization. Similar Mesoarchean crustally reworked felsic units are encountered in Pilbara and Kaapvaal cratons suggesting a possibility of correlation with the hypothesized Vaalbara supercontinent. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.