Optimization of the alternative treatment methods for Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn (kapok) fiber using response surface methodology

Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn (kapok) fiber, a natural and renewable material, has received increasing attention in recent years for its intrinsic properties. In this study, pretreatment of kapok fiber was performed in a green way by using atmospheric plasma, together with pectinase and lipase enzymes and no hazardous chemicals was used. A response surface methodology (Box-Behnken experimental design) has been used to design and optimize an environmentally friendly and sustainable scouring process for kapok fibers. Predicted values provided from regression model and the actual experimental values exhibited close relationship. The effects of the treatments on the hydrophility, whiteness index and color yield of the kapok fibers have been discussed. The structure of the fibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. Results showed that atmospheric plasma + pectinase and atmospheric plasma + lipase treatments are ecofriendly alternatives for kapok fiber treatments.