Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages 3571-3582Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S198587
Keywords
fluorescence NIR-II imaging; aggregation-induced emission; organic nanoparticle; vascular imaging; tumor imaging
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21402219, 81700880]
- NanjingTech Startup Grant [38274017115]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M643859]
- Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology [cstc2017jcyjAX0424]
- Foundation of Southwest Hospital [SWH2016ZDCX1011]
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Background: In vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) window using organic fluorophores has great advantages, but generally suffers from a relatively low fluorescence quantum yield (mostly less than 2%). In this study, organic nanoparticles (L1013 NPs) with a high fluorescence quantum yield (9.9%) were systhesized for in vivo imaging. Methods: A molecule (BTPPA) with donor-acceptor-donor structure and aggregation-induced emission enabling moieties was prepared. BTPPA molecules were then encapsulated into nanoparticles (L1013 NPs) using a nanoprecipitation method. The L1013 NPs were intravenously injected into the mice (including normal, stroke and tumor models) for vascular and tumor imaging. Results: L1013 NPs excited at 808 nm exhibit NIR-II emission with a peak at 1013 nm and an emission tail extending to 1400 nm. They have a quantum yield of 9.9% and also show excellent photo/colloidal stabilities and negligible in vitro and in vivo toxicity. We use L1013 NPs for noninvasive real-time visualization of mouse hindlimb and cerebral vessels (including stroke pathology) under a very low power density (4.6-40 mW cm(2)) and short exposure time (40-100 ms). Moreover, L1013 NPs are able to localize tumor pathology, with a tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of 11.7 +/- 1.3, which is unusually high for NIR-II fluorescent imaging through passive targeting strategy. Conclusion: L1013 NPs demonstrate the potential for a range of clinical applications, especially for tumor surgery.
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