Journal
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
Volume 76, Issue 6, Pages 1610-1625Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsz064
Keywords
acoustic telemetry; Atlantic cod; fisheries management; Gadus morhua; gliders; Gulf of Maine; passive acoustic monitoring; spawning closure
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Funding
- The Nature Conservancy
- Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries
- 2013-2014 NOAA Saltonstall Kennedy grant program [NA14NMF4270027]
- Cabot Family Charitable Foundation
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Effective fishery management measures to protect fish spawning aggregations require reliable information on the spatio-temporal distribution of spawning. Spawning closures have been part of a suite of fishery management actions to rebuild the Gulf of Maine stock of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), but difficulties remain with managing rebuilding. The objective of this study was to identify the spatial and temporal distribution of cod spawning during winter in Massachusetts Bay to improve our understanding of cod spawning dynamics and inform fisheries management. Spawning was investigated in collaboration with commercial fishermen during three winter spawning seasons (October 2013-March 2016) using acoustic telemetry and passive acoustic monitoring equipment deployed in fixed-station arrays and mounted on mobile autonomous gliders. Tagged cod exhibited spawning site fidelity and spawning primarily occurred from early November through January with a mid-December peak and some inter-annual variability. The spatial distribution of spawning was generally consistent among years with multiple hotspots in areas >50m depth. Current closures encompass most of spawning, but important areas are recommended for potential modifications. Utilizing multiple complementary technologies and deployment strategies in collaboration with commercial fishermen enabled a comprehensive description of spawning and provides a valuable model for future studies.
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