Journal
ENERGIES
Volume 12, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/en12081461
Keywords
natural convection; nanofluids; non-uniform wall temperature; numerical results
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Funding
- UEFISCDI, Romania [PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0036]
- STAR Institute - UBB, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation [13.6542.2017/6.7]
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The present study develops the influence of inclined border temperature variations on the isotherms, streamlines, and isoconcentrations for unsteady free convection in a trapezoidal region filled with the water-based nanofluid. The considered mathematical nanofluid approach was formulated based on the Buongiorno's model. The set of governing partial differential equations formulated using non-dimensional primitive variables such as velocity, pressure, temperature, and nanoparticles concentration volume fraction was solved numerically using the finite element method for various magnitudes of control characteristics. It was revealed that control characteristics affected the liquid circulation and energy transport coefficients. The Nusselt number is a growing function of wave number, amplitude, and the Rayleigh number.
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